be in an uproar

uproar, disturbance / mob, crowd, multitude.

* * *

* * *

tŭmultŭor, ātus, 1, v. dep. n. [tumultus], to make a bustle or disturbance, to be in great agitation or confusion, be in an uproar, raise a tumult:

in otio tumultuaris, in tumultu es otiosus,

Auct. Her. 4, 15, 21:

non decet tumultuari,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 1, 22:

saepe et sine causā,

Cic. Agr. 2, 37, 101:

quid tumultuaris, soror? quid insanis?

id. Cael. 15, 36:

fortis et constantis est, non perturbari in rebus asperis nec tumultuantem de gradu deici,

confused, agitated, id. Off. 1, 23, 80; Petr. 79:

tumultuari Gallias comperit,

to be in an uproar, Suet. Galb. 9; Aur. Vict. Caes. 24, 3.—

Esp. of oratory, to storm, rant, talk at random, etc.:

mihi ne dicere quidem videtur, nisi qui disposite, ornate, copiose dicit, sed tumultuari,

Quint. 10, 7, 12:

oratio carens hac virtute (i. e. ordine) tumultuetur necesse est,

id. Inst. 7, prooem. § 3; so id. ib. 2, 12, 11.

Act. collat. form tŭmultŭo, āre:

quid sit mi expedi, quor tumultues,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 2, 15; 3, 2, 24.—

Impers. pass.: hostibus nuntiatur, in castris Romanorum praeter consuetudinem tumultuari, that there is a tumult or disturbance in the camp, Caes. B. G. 7, 61; Liv. 36, 44, 4:

cum tumultuatum in castris sciret,

id. 25, 21, 2:

cum Gallis tumultuatum verius quam belligeratum,

id. 21, 16, 4; Flor. 4, 12, 30.

* * *

* * *

* * *

* * *

concursus, ūs, m. [concurro].

A running or flocking together, a concourse, assembly:

fit concursus per vias,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 27; cf. in plur.:

incredibilem in modum concursus fiunt ex agris,

Cic. Att. 5, 16, 3:

magni domum concursus ad Afranium fiebant,

Caes. B. C. 1, 53:

magni concursus sunt facti,

Nep. Phoc. 4, 1:

concursus fit celeriter in praetorium,

Caes. B. C. 1, 76:

in forum a totā urbe,

Liv. 2, 56, 13; Nep. Dat. 3, 3:

ingens,

Verg. A. 9, 454: undique concursus, * Hor. S. 1, 9, 78:

bonorum,

Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 1:

facere,

id. Deiot. 10, 28; Liv. 27, 7, 1.—

In partic., absol., an uproar, tumult:

quem concursum in oppido factum putatis? quem clamorem?

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 52; cf. id. Sull. 5, 15:

quive coetu, concursu, turbā, seditione incendium fecerit,

Paul. Sent. 5, 26, 3; Dig. 48, 6, 5 pr.—

A running or dashing together, a pressing, striking one upon another, an encountering, meeting; a concourse, etc.

Of corporeal objects.

In gen.:

concursus, motus, etc. (corporum quorundam) efficiunt ignes,

Lucr. 1, 686; cf.:

concursu suo nubes excussere semina ignis,

id. 6, 161; cf. also Ov. M. 11, 436:

caeli,

id. ib. 15, 811:

fortuito (atomorum),

Cic. N. D. 1, 24, 66; Quint. 7, 2, 2:

navium,

Caes. B. C. 2, 6; Liv. 29, 27, 6; Suet. Ner. 34:

lunae et solis,

conjunction, Cels. 1, 4: oris, a shutting (v. concurro, II. A. 1.), Quint. 11, 3, 56 Spald.:

asper verborum,

a harsh combination, Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 171:

extremorum verborum cum insequentibus,

id. Or. 44, 150:

vocalium,

Quint. 9, 4, 33:

quinque amnium in unum confluens,

Plin. 6, 20, 23, § 75.—

Esp., milit. t. t., an onset, attack, charge:

utriusque exercitus,

Caes. B. C. 3, 92; Nep. Cim. 2, 3; id. Iphic. 1, 4:

acerrimo concursu pugnare,

id. Eum. 4, 1; id. Hann. 11, 4; Liv. 32, 30, 11; 42, 59, 4; Ov. M. 6, 695 et saep.:

proelii,

Nep. Thras. 1, 4.—

Transf.

Concursus omnium philosophorum sustinere, assaults, Cic. Ac. 2, 22, 70.—

Jurid. t. t., an equal claim, joint heirship, Dig. 32, 80; 39, 2, 15; 7, 2, 1 fin. —

Of abstr. objects, a meeting together, union, combination:

honestissimorum studiorum,

Cic. Fin. 2, 34, 111:

calamitatum,

id. Fam. 5, 13, 2 (corresp. with vis tempestatum):

ex rationis et firmamenti conflictione et quasi concursu quaestio exoritur,

id. Part. Or. 30, 104.

rūmor, ōris, m. [cf. Gr. ôruô, to howl; orumagdos, din; Sanscr. root ru-, roar; ravas, uproar; Lat.: raucus, rudo].

Lit., the talk of the many, whether relating facts or expressing opinions.

Common talk, unauthenticated report, hearsay, rumor (the prevalent and class. signif.; used equally in sing. and plur.; syn.: fama, sermo); absol., or with a mention of its purport.

Absol.: est hoc Gallicae consuetudinis, uti mercatores in oppidis vulgus circumsistat, quibusque ex regionibus veniant quasque ibi res cognoverint, pronuntiare cogant. His rumoribus atque auditionibus permoti de summis saepe rebus consilia ineunt, quorum eos e vestigio poenitere necesse est;

cum incertis rumoribus serviant, et plerique ad voluntatem eorum ficta respondeant,

Caes. B. G. 4, 5; cf.:

aliquid rumore ac famā accipere... falsis rumoribus terreri,

id. ib. 6, 20:

multa rumor perferet,

Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 1; cf.

also, in the description of the house of Fame, in Ovid: mixtaque cum veris passim commenta vagantur Milia rumorum confusaque verba volutant,

Ov. M. 12, 55 (v. the passage in its connection):

rumoribus mecum pugnas,

Cic. N. D. 3, 5, 9:

rumores Africanos excipere,

id. Deiot. 9, 25:

senatus vulgi rumoribus exagitatus,

Sall. C. 29, 1:

multa rumor fingebat,

Caes. B. C. 1, 53:

addunt et affingunt rumoribus Galli, quod res poscere videbatur,

id. B. G. 7, 1:

frigidus a Rostris manat per compita rumor,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 50 et saep. —

With the purport of the rumor introduced by an object- or relative-clause; by de, rarely by gen.

Postquam populi rumorem intelleximus, Studiose expetere vos Plautinas fabulas, etc., Plaut. Cas. prol. 11: cum interea rumor venit, Datum iri gladiatores; populus convolat, etc., Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 31; id. Heaut. prol. 16:

crebri ad eum rumores afferebantur litterisque item Labieni certior fiebat, omnes Belgas contra populum Romanum conjurare, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 2, 1:

meum gnatum rumor est amare,

Ter. And. 1, 2, 14; cf.:

rem te valde bene gessisse rumor erat,

Cic. Fam. 1, 8, 7; id. Att. 16, 5, 1:

serpit hic rumor: Scis tu illum accusationem cogitare? etc.,

id. Mur. 21, 45:

crebro vulgi rumore lacerabatur, tamquam viros et insontes ob invidiam aut metum exstinxisset,

Tac. A. 15, 73:

subdito rumore, tamquam Mesopotamiam invasurus,

id. ib. 6, 36.—

With de:

nihil perfertur ad nos praeter rumores de oppresso Dolabellā,

Cic. Fam. 12, 9, 1:

de Aeduorum defectione rumores afferebantur,

Caes. B. G. 7, 59:

de vitā imperatoris dubii rumores allati sunt,

Liv. 28, 24:

graves de te rumores,

Cic. Deiot. 9, 25:

exstinctis rumoribus de auxiliis legionum,

Caes. B. C. 1, 60 fin. —

With gen. (very rare):

cenae rumor,

Suet. Aug. 70:

belli civilis rumores,

Tac. H. 3, 45: rumor prostratae regi pudicitiae Suet. Caes. 2.—

Common or general opinion, current report, the popular voice; and objectively, fame, reputation (less freq. but class.):

famam atque rumores pars altera consensum civitatis et velut publicum testimonium vocat: altera sermonem sine ullo certo auctore dispersum, cui malignitas initium dederit, incrementum credulitas,

Quint. 5, 3, 1; cf.:

adversus famam rumoresque hominum si satis firmus steteris, etc.,

Liv. 22, 39:

qui erit rumor populi, si id feceris?

Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 18:

totam opinionem (populi) parva nonnumquam commutat aura rumoris,

Cic. Mur. 17, 35: rumoribus adversa in pravitatem, secunda in casum, fortunam in temeritatem, declinando corrumpebant, with their slanders, misrepresentations, Sall. Fragm. ap. Non. 385, 3:

quos rumor asperserat, ii, etc.,

Curt. 10, 31, 18:

rumorem quendam et plausum popularem esse quaesitum,

Cic. Clu. 47, 131:

rumori servire,

Plaut. Trin, 3, 2, 14; cf. in the lusus verbb. with rumen: ego rumorem parvi facio, dum sit rumen qui impleam, Pompon. ap. Non. 18, 15:

omnem infimae plebis rumorem affectavit,

Tac. H. 2, 91:

Marcellus adverso rumore esse,

Liv. 27, 20:

flagret rumore malo cum Hic atque ille,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 125; Tac. H. 2, 93 fin.: invidiam alicui concitare secundo populi rumore, with the concurring or favorable judgment, with the approbation, Fenest. ap. Non. 385, 17; so, rumore secundo, Suev. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1; old poet in Cic. Div. 1, 16, 29; Verg. A. 8, 90; Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 9; cf.:

aliquid accipere secundo rumore,

Tac. A. 3, 29:

claro apud volgum rumore erat,

id. ib. 15, 48.—

Transf., a murmuring, murmur of a stream:

amoena fluenta Subterlabentis tacito rumore Mosellae,

Aus. Mos. 22.

sēdĭtĭo, ōnis, f. [sed, i. e. sine (v. h. v.), and itio; thus, orig., a going aside, going apart; hence],

Lit., an insurrectionary separation (political or military); dissension, civil discord, insurrection, mutiny, sedition (very freq. and class.;

syn.: secessio, defectus): ea dissensio civium, quod seorsum eunt alii ad alios, seditio dicitur,

Cic. Rep. 6, 1, 3 (ap. Serv. Verg. A. 1, 149, and Non. 25, 6):

duobus tribunis plebis per seditionem creatis,

id. ib. 2, 34, 59; cf. Liv. 2, 31 fin. sq.:

si qui in seditione non alterius utrius partis fuisset,

Cic. Att. 10, 1, 2; cf. Gell. 2, 12, 1:

ne qua seditio oriretur,

Caes. B. G. 7, 28 fin.; Sall. C. 34, 2:

seditione factā,

Caes. B. C. 1, 87, 3:

seditionem inter Poenos et Siculos milites esse factam,

Cic. Div. 1, 24, 50; cf.:

seditio inter belli pacisque auctores orta,

Liv. 2, 16:

seditionem ac discordiam concitare,

Cic. Mur. 39, 83:

commovere,

id. Att. 2, 1, 8:

movere,

Vell. 2, 68, 2:

coeptare,

Tac. A. 1, 38; 1, 45; 2, 81 et saep.:

componere,

id. H. 4, 14:

magno in populo cum saepe coörta est Seditio, etc.,

Verg. A. 1, 149; Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 15:

seditione potens,

Verg. A. 11, 340.— Plur.:

cum hominem seditiosum defenderet, non dubitavit seditiones ipsas ornare,

Cic. de Or. 2, 28, 124; 2, 48, 199; Sall. J. 37, 1; Liv. 4, 2; 5, 3; Quint. 2, 16, 2; Hor. C. 3, 3, 29; 3, 6, 13; Tac. A. 4, 68 et saep.—Seditio, personified as one of the attendants of Fama, Ov. M. 12, 61.—

Transf., in gen., dissension, discord, strife, quarrel (very rare; mostly poet.; in Cic. only as a transl. of the Greek stasis):

Amphitruo uxori turbas conciet...tum meus pater Eam seditionem in tranquillum conferet,

Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 16:

ut homini adulescentulo Filiam darem in seditionem atque in incertas nuptias,

Ter. And. 5, 1, 11 Ruhnk.:

cui studeat, deus omnis habet, crescitque favore Turbida seditio, donec Juppiter, etc.,

Ov. M. 9, 426; so,

domestica (opp. fraterna concordia),

Liv. 45, 19:

pantomimorum,

Suet. Ner. 26:

non illaudata (with magno certatur amore),

Claud. in Rufin. 2, 226.—

Of inanimate and abstract things:

seditio maris,

uproar, turbulence, Stat. Th. 9, 142:

pelagi,

Manil. 2, 90:

siderum,

id. 2, 196:

flammasque rebelles Seditione tori (Eteoclis et Polynicis),

Stat. Th. 1, 36:

intestina corporis,

Liv. 2, 32, 12.—Comically:

seditionem facit lien, occupat praecordia,

rebels, and takes possession of my stomach, Plaut. Merc. 1, 14:

Archytas iracundiam, videlicet dissidentem a ratione, seditionem quandam animi vere ducebat, et eam consilio sedari volebat,

Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60.

tŭmultus, ūs ( gen. tumulti, Enn., Att., Afran., Turp., and Pompon. ap. Non. 489, 29 sq.; Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 22; id. Poen. 1, 1, 79; Ter. And. 2, 2, 28; id. Hec. 3, 2, 21; Sall. C. 59, 5), m. [Sanscr. tumalas, tumulas, disturbing; cf. tumeo], an uproar, bustle, violent commotion, disturbance, tumult (freq. and class.; cf.: turba, perturbatio).

Lit.

In gen.: quid hoc hic clamoris, quid hoc hic tumulti est? Enn. ap. Non. 489, 29 (Trag. v. 204 Vahl.):

quis sonitu ac tumultu tanto nomine nominat me atque pulsat aedes?

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 1:

magno cum strepitu ac tumultu castris egressi,

Caes. B. G. 2, 11;

so with strepitus,

id. ib. 6, 7; Liv. 25, 23, 17:

cum omnia terrore ac tumultu streperent,

id. 25, 25, 9:

arx inter tumultum capta est,

id. 28, 19, 18:

numquae trepidatio? numqui tumultus?

Cic. Dejot. 7, 20;

so with trepidatio,

Liv. 25, 13, 10:

urbi, sine vestro motu ac sine ullo tumultu, satis esset praesidii,

Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 26:

turbae ac tumultūs concitatores,

Liv. 25, 4, 10:

repentino tumultu perterriti,

Caes. B. G. 7, 47:

tumultu armorum et cantuum truces,

Tac. A. 4, 47:

verborum,

id. H. 1, 85:

Acheron rapitur tumultu ingenti,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 714:

urbis,

Tib. 2, 3, 43.— Plur.:

inque repentinos convivia versa tumultus,

Ov. M. 5, 5:

ille caecos instare tumultus Saepe monet,

Verg. G. 1, 464:

canunt ignes subitosque tumultus,

Manil. 1, 894:

novos moveat F ortuna tumultus,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 126.—

Of thunder, storm, etc.:

tremendo Juppiter ipse ruens tumultu,

i. e. the roar of thunder, Hor. C. 1, 16, 12; cf. Ov. M. 3, 308:

vides, quanto trepidet tumultu Pronus Orion,

storm, tempest, Hor. C. 3, 27, 17:

(me) per Aegaeos tumultus Aura feret,

id. ib. 3, 29, 63:

pelagi caelique,

Luc. 5, 592:

maris,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 1091.—

Of the body: stomacho tumultum Lenta feret pituita, i. e. a rumbling of the bowels, Hor. S. 2, 2, 75; Sen. Thyest. 999.—

In partic.

In milit. lang., a sudden or impending war, civil war, insurrection, tumult, sedition, rebellion: potest enim esse bellum ut tumultus non sit, tumultus esse sine bello non potest. Quid est enim aliud tumultus nisi perturbatio tanta, ut major timor oriatur? unde etiam nomen ductum est tumultus. Itaque majores nostri tumultum Italicum, quod erat domesticus;

tumultum Gallicum, quod erat Italiae finitimus, praeterea nullum nominabant. Gravius autem tumultum esse quam bellum hinc intellegi licet, quod bello vacationes valent, tumultu non valent,

Cic. Phil. 8, 1, 2 sq.:

censeo tumultum decerni,

that a state of civil war be proclaimed, id. ib. 5, 12, 31:

Bojorum gentem ad rebellionem spectare: ob eas res tumultum esse decrevit senatus,

Liv. 34, 56, 11; and:

tumultūs Gallici causā,

id. 7, 9, 6:

factum nuper in Italiā, servili tumultu,

Caes. B. G. 1, 40:

sedato tandem Istrico tumultu,

Liv. 41, 6, 1:

in Sardiniā magnum tumultum esse cognitum est,

id. 41, 6, 5:

hostilis,

Tac. A. 4, 29:

remedium tumultūs fuit alius tumultus,

id. H. 2, 68:

repentino tumultu excitae,

Just. 2, 4, 22; Flor. 3, 19, 2:

tumultus magis quam proelium fuit,

Curt. 6, 5, 12.—

Excitement, anxiety:

supremo die exquirens, an jam de se tumultus foris esset,

Suet. Aug. 99:

alteri apud alteros formidinem simul et tumultum facere,

Sall. J. 53, 7; cf.:

cui lapis externus curae est, urbisque tumultus,

Tib. 2, 3, 43.—

Trop. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

Disturbance, disquietude, agitation, tumult of the mind or feelings:

tumultus Mentis,

Hor. C. 2, 16, 10; Luc. 7, 183:

pulsata tumultu pectora, Petr. poët. 123: sceleris tumultus,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 208.—

Of speech, confusion, disorder:

sermonis,

Plin. 7, 12, 10, § 55:

criminum,

Quint. Decl. 1, 4.

turba, ae, f. [= turbê; cf. Sanscr. turāmi, to hasten; turas, hasty; Lat. turma], a turmoil, hubbub, uproar, disorder, tumult, commotion, disturbance, of a crowd of people (syn. tumultus): praetor ait: cujus dolo malo in turbā damnum quod factum esse dicetur... Turbam appellatam Labeo ait ex genere tumultūs, idque verbum ex Graeco tractum apo tou thorubein. Turbam autem ex quo numero admittimus? Si duo rixam commiserint, utique non accipiemus in turbā id factum, quia duo turba non proprie dicentur. Enimvero si plures fuerint, decem aut quindecim homines, turba dicentur. Quid ergo, si tres aut quattuor? Turba utique non erit. Et rectissime Labeo inter turbam et rixam multum interesse ait;

namque turbam multitudinis hominum esse turbationem et coetum, rixam etiam duorum,

Dig. 47, 8, 4:

turba et confusio rerum,

Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 13; cf.:

ut exsistat ex populo turba et confusio,

id. Rep. 1, 45, 69:

vis belli ac turba,

id. Rosc. Am. 32, 91:

multitudo ac turba fugientium,

Caes. B. C. 2, 35:

turbā atque seditionibus sine curā aluntur,

Sall. C. 37, 3.— Plur.:

seditiones turbaeque populares,

Quint. 2, 16, 2; cf. Tac. H. 4, 1 fin.:

efficere turbas in castris,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 31:

turba est nunc apud aram,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 53:

inter Officium turbamque sacri vocesque precantūm,

Ov. M. 12, 33:

festaque confusā resonabat regia turbā,

id. ib. 12, 214 et saep.—

Transf.

In gen., for a disturbance made by a few or a single person, a brawl, confusion, disturbance, quarrel (in good prose rare): non vides, quam turbam quosve fluctus concites? Att. ap. Non. 524, 26:

turba atque rixa,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 66, § 149:

fugiam intro, ne quid hic turbae fiat itidem,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 9, 9:

Amphitruo actutum uxori turbas conciet,

id. Am. 1, 2. 14:

quas mihi filius turbas turbet,

id. Bacch. 4, 10, 1: ebrius turbam aliquam dare, Caecil. ap. Non. 525, 4:

jam tum inceperat Turba inter eos,

Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 59; 4, 1, 2; 4, 3, 11; id. Heaut. 1, 2, 16; 5, 2, 17. —

Concr., a crowd, throng, multitude, mob; a band, train, troop, etc.

Of persons (freq. and class.; cf.:

multitudo, vulgus): in foro turbāque,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 28:

domus praetoria turbā referta,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 52, § 137:

ut te eripias ex eā, quam ego congessi in hunc sermonem, turbā patronorum,

id. Brut. 97, 332:

admiratio vulgi atque turbae,

id. Fam. 7, 1, 13:

cum ex hac turbā et colluvione discedam,

id. Sen. 23, 85:

videt in turbā Verrem,

id. Verr. 1, 7, 19:

turbae carmina,

Manil. 2, 136.—With gen.:

Iliadum turbā comitata,

Verg. A. 2, 580:

omnis Circi,

Quint. 1, 6, 45:

hominum ejus aetatis,

id. 1, 2, 2:

discipulorum,

id. 10, 5, 21:

omnis eum stipata tegebat Turba ducum,

Verg. A. 11, 13:

scriptorum,

Prop. 3 (4), 1, 12:

Dario majorem turbam hominum esse, virorum sibi,

Just. 11, 14, 10:

forensem turbam in quattuor tribus conjecit,

Liv. 9, 46, 14: consul alter velut unus, militaris [p. 1917] turba erat, id. 22, 42, 3:

conferta turba iter reliquum clauserat,

id. 39, 49, 9:

Quiritium,

Hor. C. 1, 1, 7:

clientium,

id. ib. 3, 1, 13:

poëtarum seniorum,

id. S. 1, 10, 67:

pauperiorum,

id. ib. 1, 1, 111:

mea turba,

Liv. 6, 15, 10.—Esp., the common crowd, = vulgus:

turba patronorum,

Cic. Brut. 97, 332.—

Without the notion of a crowd or confusion, a great number, multitude:

quid tibi de turbā narrem numeroque virorum?

Ov. H. 15 (16), 181:

plebes, turbā conspectior cum dignitates deessent,

Liv. 22, 40, 4. —

Of other things, animate or inanimate, a crowd, throng, troop, multitude, number:

turba ignotorum deorum,

Cic. N. D. 1, 15, 39:

praeter vulgum turbamque animantum,

Lucr. 2, 920:

ferarum,

Ov. M. 11, 44:

canum,

id. ib. 4, 722:

volucrum,

id. ib. 10, 144:

luporum,

Sil. 7, 129:

materiaï,

Lucr. 1, 1113; 2, 127:

refertis itineribus agrestium turbā pecorumque,

Liv. 26, 10, 8; cf. Ov. M. 10, 106:

rotarum,

id. ib. 6, 219:

jaculorum,

id. P. 4, 7, 35:

vulnerum,

Plin. 11, 37, 61, § 162:

castrensium negotiorum,

Plin. Ep. 9, 25, 1.—Of a speech:

mediocria in mediam turbam atque in gregem coiciantur,

Cic. de Or. 2, 77, 314:

inanium verborum,

Quint. 8, 2, 17:

argumentorum,

id. 4, 2, 82; cf. id. 6, 1, 1; 4, 5, 7; 5, 13, 12.